Ns-2.28 installation in Debian

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A usual problem is TK8.4.5 compile failure. This is because of lack of  X11 development libraries. Do apt-get install libx11-dev,libxt-dev

For gcc 4.0.3, ns-2.28 source codes are violating programming regulations. So, some files have to be manually modified to let "make" succeed.
Generally, the declaration of  "class A" has to be put before a reference appears in another class definition. For example,

class B
{

   A*  aa;
....
}

Also, declaration as 

static const double ALPHA_ = 0.4;

in a header file, is illegal, because initialization of a static variable in header file would lead to multiple initializations occurred in all files including this header file.

So  it must changed as :
static const double ALPHA_ // in header file
const double XCPQueue::ALPHA_ = 0.4; // in cpp file
A list of paths are given as below: (copying from ns-mail list)

diff -ru ns-allinone-2.28.orig/nam-1.11/agent.h ns-allinone-2.28/nam-1.11/agent.h
--- ns-allinone-2.28.orig/nam-1.11/agent.h 2001-06-15 21:53:10.000000000 -0400
+++ ns-allinone-2.28/nam-1.11/agent.h 2005-06-13 18:10:05.000000000 -0400
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 inline double width() {return width_;}
 inline double height() {return height_;}
 virtual void findClosestCornertoPoint(double x, double y, 
- double &corner_x, double &corner_y) const = NULL; 
+ double &corner_x, double &corner_y) const = 0; 
 virtual void place(double x, double y);
 void label(const char* name, int anchor);
 void color(const char* name);
diff -ru ns-allinone-2.28.orig/ns-2.28/diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh ns-allinone-2.28/ns-2.28/diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh
--- ns-allinone-2.28.orig/ns-2.28/diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh 2005-01-19 13:23:21.000000000 -0500
+++ ns-allinone-2.28/ns-2.28/diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh 2005-06-13 18:11:03.000000000 -0400
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@
 typedef signed int int32_t;
 #endif
 typedef signed short int16_t;
-#if defined (sparc)
+// #if defined (sparc)
+#if defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun)
 typedef char int8_t;
 #else
 // Conflicts with system declaration of int8_t in Solaris
diff -ru ns-allinone-2.28.orig/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.cc ns-allinone-2.28/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.cc
--- ns-allinone-2.28.orig/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.cc 2005-02-03 13:29:20.000000000 -0500
+++ ns-allinone-2.28/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.cc 2005-06-13 18:10:30.000000000 -0400
@@ -33,6 +33,15 @@
 } class_droptail_xcpq;
 
 
+const double XCPQueue::ALPHA_ = 0.4;
+const double XCPQueue::BETA_ = 0.226;
+const double XCPQueue::GAMMA_ = 0.1;
+const double XCPQueue::XCP_MAX_INTERVAL= 1.0;
+const double XCPQueue::XCP_MIN_INTERVAL= .001;
+
+const double XCPQueue::BWIDTH = 0.01;
+
+
 XCPQueue::XCPQueue(): queue_timer_(NULL), 
 estimation_control_timer_(NULL),
 rtt_timer_(NULL), effective_rtt_(0.0),
diff -ru ns-allinone-2.28.orig/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.h ns-allinone-2.28/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.h
--- ns-allinone-2.28.orig/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.h 2005-02-03 13:29:20.000000000 -0500
+++ ns-allinone-2.28/ns-2.28/xcp/xcpq.h 2005-06-13 18:10:36.000000000 -0400
@@ -113,11 +113,11 @@
 XCPTimer* rtt_timer_;
 double link_capacity_bps_;
 
- static const double ALPHA_ = 0.4;
- static const double BETA_ = 0.226;
- static const double GAMMA_ = 0.1;
- static const double XCP_MAX_INTERVAL= 1.0;
- static const double XCP_MIN_INTERVAL= .001;
+ static const double ALPHA_ ;
+ static const double BETA_ ;
+ static const double GAMMA_ ;
+ static const double XCP_MAX_INTERVAL;
+ static const double XCP_MIN_INTERVAL;
 
 double Te_; // control interval
 double Tq_; 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
 double b_[BSIZE];
 double t_[BSIZE];
 int maxb_;alter
- static const double BWIDTH = 0.01;
+ static const double BWIDTH;
 int min_queue_ci_;
 int max_queue_ci_;
Solution for another problem when install ns-2.28 in Debian
 ./configure: line 7068: ` OSF*)' tcl8.3.2 configuration failed! Exiting .
Solution:
there are superfluous "'" characters in unix/configure:
grep in unix/configure for /etc/.relid and change it from 
 system=MP-RAS-`awk '{print }' /etc/.relid'`
 ^^^^
to
 system=MP-RAS-`awk '{print }' /etc/.relid`
 ^^^^
There are more occurrences of that line in tcl, tk and 
octcl with the same problem.
For gcc 4.1.1 or above, there is a lot of coding violations. The best way is to still use gcc-4.0 to compile, change Makefile:

CC      = gcc-4.0
CPP     = g++-4.0